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Jing Ye Si (静夜思) – A Chinese Poem Explained for Learners

Thoughts on a Quiet Night

By Lǐ Bái (李白) • Tang Dynasty (618–907 CE)

Jing Ye Si (静夜思) is one of the most famous Chinese poems by Li Bai.

In this guide, you'll learn its meaning, cultural background, and the key Chinese characters used in the poem.

Line-by-Line Analysis
Line 1
Chuáng
qián
míng
yuè
guāng

"Bright moonlight shines in front of my bed."

Line 2
shì
shàng
shuāng

"I wonder if it is frost on the ground."

Line 3
tóu
wàng
míng
yuè

"I raise my head and gaze at the bright moon."

Line 4
tóu
xiāng

"I lower my head and think of my hometown."

Complete Vocabulary (19 Characters)
Pronunciation Guide

Some sounds in this poem can be tricky for English speakers. Here are tips for the hardest characters:

shuāngHard

The 'sh' sound is retroflex — curl your tongue back. 'uang' rhymes with 'wong' but starts with 'oo'.

xiāngMedium

The 'x' sound is like 'sh' but with teeth together. 'iang' sounds like 'ee-ahng'.

Medium

The 'j' is softer than English 'j'. The 'ü' sound is like saying 'ee' with rounded lips.

Easy

Simple 'ee' sound with rising tone (2nd tone). Practice going from low to high pitch.

About the Poet

Li Bai

李白 (Lǐ Bái) • 701–762 CE

"Poet Immortal (诗仙)"

  • Wrote over 1,000 poems, with about 990 surviving today
  • Known for his romantic and imaginative style
  • Favorite themes: nature, friendship, wine, and the moon
  • Legend says he drowned trying to embrace the moon's reflection
  • One of the 'Two Immortals of Poetry' alongside Du Fu (杜甫)
Historical Background
When

Around 726 CE, when Li Bai was about 25 years old

Where

Likely in Yangzhou (扬州) or during his travels away from home

Written during one of Li Bai's many journeys far from his hometown in Sichuan

This poem captures a universal experience — homesickness during travels — making it relatable across cultures and centuries.

Cultural Significance

Why the Moon Matters in Chinese Culture

In Chinese culture, the moon often symbolizes:

  • Distance and separation

    The physical distance between loved ones who are far apart.

  • Family and reunion

    The roundness of the full moon represents completeness and family gathering (团圆 - tuányuán).

  • Shared experience

    The comforting idea that people in different places are all looking at the same moon.

When Li Bai looks at the moon, he knows that the same moon is shining over his hometown. This idea — we see the same moon even when we are far apart — appears again and again in Chinese literature.

Practice Resources

Practice Writing These Characters

Create a free printable worksheet with all the characters from this poem. Practice stroke order with our guided worksheets.

Related Classical Poems

春晓

Chūn Xiǎo

Spring Dawn

Meng Haoran (孟浩然)

Coming Soon

登鹳雀楼

Dēng Guàn Què Lóu

Climbing Stork Tower

Wang Zhihuan (王之涣)

Coming Soon

悯农

Mǐn Nóng

Pity the Farmers

Li Shen (李绅)

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Frequently Asked Questions

What is the meaning of Jing Ye Si (静夜思)?

Jing Ye Si (静夜思) translates to 'Thoughts on a Quiet Night' or 'Quiet Night Thoughts'. The poem expresses the universal feeling of homesickness while lying awake at night, seeing moonlight that reminds the poet of his distant hometown.

Who wrote the poem 静夜思?

It was written by Li Bai (李白, 701-762 CE), known as the 'Poet Immortal' (诗仙). He is considered one of the greatest poets in Chinese history and is especially famous for his romantic, imaginative verses about nature, friendship, and the moon.

What does the moon symbolize in Chinese poetry?

In Chinese culture and poetry, the moon often symbolizes homesickness, family reunion (团圆), and the shared experience of people in different locations looking at the same celestial body. The full moon is especially associated with the Mid-Autumn Festival.

Why is Jing Ye Si good for Chinese learners?

The poem uses only 20 characters (with some repeating), and most are common HSK 1-4 vocabulary. Its simple structure and profound meaning make it an ideal first classical Chinese text for learners.

How do you pronounce Jing Ye Si?

Jing Ye Si is pronounced 'Jìng Yè Sī' — jing (4th tone, like 'jeeng' falling), ye (4th tone, 'yeh' falling), si (1st tone, 'suh' flat high pitch). The title means 'quiet night thoughts'.

What is the original vs popular version of the poem?

Some scholars believe the original first line was '床前看月光' (seeing moonlight) rather than '床前明月光' (bright moonlight). The version with '明' became more popular over time and is the one taught in schools today.

Final Thoughts

This poem shows how powerful simplicity can be. With only twenty characters, Li Bai captures a universal feeling that almost everyone understands: lying awake at night, thinking about home.

That is why Jing Ye Si has been remembered and recited for more than a thousand years.

If you are learning Chinese characters, exploring poems like this can help you see how characters live beyond dictionaries — inside real emotions and real moments.